详细介绍:
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14SA-10F,14SA-10,14SA-10J型中开泵(双吸离心泵)系更新换代的节能新产品,它采用标准规范设计,其系列化、标准化、通用化程度高,该型泵性能先进、运行平稳、安全可靠,在设计中采用新结构、新材质,可适用多种介质的输送。
本型泵的吸入口与吐出口均在水泵轴心线下方,水平方向与轴线成垂直位置、泵壳.中开,检修时无需拆卸进水,排出管路及电动机(或其他原动机)从联轴器向泵的方向看去,水泵均为逆吋针方向旋转。如根据用户特殊订货需要也可改为顺吋针旋转。
本型泵的主要另件有:泵体、泵盖、叶轮、轴、双吸密封环、轴套、轴承等。除轴的材料为优质碳素钢外, 其馀多为铸铁制成。
泵体与泵盖构成叶轮的工作室,在进出水法兰上制有安装真空表和压力表的管螺孔,进出水法兰的下部制有放水的管螺孔。
叶轮经过静平衡校验,用轴套和两侧的轴套螺母固定,其轴向位置可以通过轴套螺母进行调整,叶轮的轴向力利用其叶片的对称布置达到平衡,可能还有一些剩馀轴向力则同轴端的轴承承受。
泵轴由两个单列向心球轴承支承,轴承装在泵体两端的轴承体内,用黄油润滑,双吸密封环用以减少水泵压水室的水漏回吸水室。
水泵通过联轴器由电动机直接传动。
轴封为软填料密封,为了冷却润滑密封腔和防止空气漏入泵内,在填料之间有水封环,水泵工作时小量高压水通过水封管流入填料腔起水封作用。
1、泵体 2、泵盖 3、泵轴 4、叶轮 5、双吸密封环 6、轴套 7、填料套 8、水封管 9、填料 10、填料环 11、填料压盖 12、轴套螺母(右) 13、轴承体 14、固定螺栓 15、轴承体压盖 16、联轴器部件 17、圆螺母 18、轴承盖(甲) 19、轴套螺母(左) 20、轴承挡圈 21、轴承盖(乙) 22、端盖
型号意义
装配、拆卸、安装
装配与拆卸
1 、装配转子部件:依次将叶轮、轴套、轴套螺母、填料套、填料环、填料压盖,挡水圈、轴承部件装在泵轴上,并套上双吸密封环,然后装上联轴器。
2、将转子部件装在泵体上,调整叶轮的轴向位暈到两侧双吸密封环的中间加以固定,将轴承体压盖同固定螺钉紧固。
3、装上填料,放好中开面纸垫,盖上泵盖打紧螺尾柱销后,拧紧泵盖螺母,最后装上墳料压盖。但不要将填料压得太紧,填料过紧会使轴套发热,耗费功率较大,也不要压得太松,过松会使液体渗漏大,水泵效率降低。
装配完成后,用手转动泵轴,没有擦碰现象,转动比较轻滑均勻即可,拆卸可按上述装配顺序相反地进行。
安装
1 、检査水泵和电动机应无损坏。
2、水泵的安装高度,加上吸入管路的水力损失,及其速度能,不得大于样本规定的允许吸上真空高度值。基础尺寸应符合泵机组的安装尺寸。
3、安装顺
① 将水泵放在埋有地脚螺栓的混凝土基础上,用调整其间的楔型垫块的方法校正水平,并适当拧紧地脚螺栓,以防走动。
② 在基础与泵底脚之后灌注混凝土 。
③ 待混凝土干固后,拧紧地脚螺栓,并重新检査水泵的水平度。
④ 校正电动机轴与水泵轴的同心度。使两轴成一直线,在两轴器外圆上的同轴度允差为0.1mm,端面间隙沿圆周的不均匀度允差0.3mm(在联接进出水管路及试运行后再分别校核一遍,仍应符台上述要求)。
⑤ 在检査电动机转向与水泵转向一致后,装上联轴器及联接柱销。
4、进出水管路应另设支架支撑,不得籍泵本体支承。
5、水泵与管路之间的结台面,应保证良好的气密性,尤其是进水管路,必须保证严格的不漏气,并且在装置上应无窝存空气的可能。
6、如水泵安装在进水水位以上吋,为了灌泵起动,一般可装底阀。也可采用真空引水的方法。
7、水泵与出水管路之后,一般需装闸阀和止回阀(扬程小于20米的可不用),止回阀装在闸阀后面。以上所述的安装方法是指不配带公共底座的水泵机组。
安装配带公共底座的泵,用调整底座与混凝土基础之间的楔形垫铁来校正机组的水平。然后在其间灌注混凝土。其安装原则与要求,和不配带公共底座的机组相同。
起动、停止和运行
1、起动与停止
①起动前,转动泵的转子,应该轻滑均勻。
② 关闭出水闸阀,向泵内注不(如无底阀则用真空泵抽空引水)要保证泵内充满水.无空气窝存。
③ 如果泵上装有真空表或压力表.要关闭其与泵相连接的旋基再起动电动机.待转速正常后再打开;然后逐渐打开出水闸阀,如流置过大,可以适当地关小闸阀进行调节;反之流量过小时.将闸阀开大。
④ 均勻地拧紧填料压盖上的压紧螺母,使液体成滴状漏出.同时注意填料腔处的溫升。
⑤ 当停止水泵运转时.要先关闭真空表及压力表的旋塞和出水管路上的闸阀.然后关闭电动机的电源.如所处环境的温度较低时,则应将泵体下部的四方螺塞打开.去掉?水.以免冻裂。⑥长期停止使用时.应拆开水泵将另件上的水擦干.在加工表面涂上防锈油保管好。
2、运转
① 水泵轴承最高溫度不应超过75°C。
② 润滑轴承用的钙基黄油的数量以占轴承体空间的1/3?1/2为宜。
③ 填料磨损吋可适当压紧填料压盖.若磨损过多应加以更換。
④ 定期柁査眹轴器部件.注意电机轴承温升。
⑤ 运转过程中.如发现矂声或其他不正常的声音时,应立即停车.检査其原因.加以消除。
⑥ 不得任意提高水泵的转速.但可以降低转速使用.如本型泵额定转速为n流量为Q,扬程为H.轴功率为N,降低转速为n1.降速后流量.扬程.轴功率分别为Q1 、H1和N1.其相互关系.可用下列公式迸行换算:Q1=(n1/n)Q H1=(n1/n)2H N1=(n1/n)3N
故障与排除
故障
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原因
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消除方法
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一、泵不吸水,压力表及真空表的指针剧烈跳动。
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1.注入的水不够;
2.管路或仪表漏气。
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1.再往泵内注水;
2.拧紧堵塞漏气处。
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二、泵不吸水,真空表显示高度 真空。
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1、底阀没打开或已淤塞;
2、吸水管路的阻力太大;
3、吸水高度太高。
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1、校正或更換底阀;
2、清洗或更換吸水管路;
3、降低吸水高度。
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三、泵不出水压力表显示有压力。
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1、出水管路阻力太大;
2、旋转方向不对;
3、叶轮堵塞;
4、转速不够。
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1、检査或缩短出水管路;
2、纠正电动机的旋转方向;
3、清洗叶轮;
4、提高转速。
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四、流量不足或扬程太低。
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1、叶轮或逬出水管路阻塞;
2、双吸密封环磨损过多,或叶轮损坏;
3、转速低于规定值。
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1、清洗叶轮或管路;
2、更換损坏的另件;
3、调正至额定转速。
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五、泵消耗的功率过大。
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1、填料压得太紧;
2、叶轮与双吸密封坏磨擦;
3、流量过大。
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1、拧松填
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